近(jin)年來,我(wo)國檢(jian)(jian)(jian)驗(yan)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)市場持續快速(su)發展,目(mu)前檢(jian)(jian)(jian)驗(yan)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)機構已(yi)有數萬家,每年出具檢(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)報(bao)告(gao)上億(yi)份,為促進經濟社會(hui)發展發揮(hui)了重要作(zuo)用。但(dan)隨著(zhu)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)驗(yan)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)行業規模的不斷擴大,一些行業亂象也顯(xian)現出來。顯(xian)然(ran),要真正發揮(hui)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)驗(yan)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)行業的作(zuo)用,構建檢(jian)(jian)(jian)驗(yan)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)市場新(xin)型(xing)監(jian)管機制,進一步(bu)加強(qiang)事中事后監(jian)管,有很大的必要性。
2020年5月14日,市場監管總(zong)局、自然資(zi)源部、生態環(huan)境(jing)部、國(guo)(guo)家藥(yao)監局聯合發布了《關(guan)于組織開(kai)展2020年度檢(jian)(jian)驗檢(jian)(jian)測機(ji)構(gou)監督抽查工作的通(tong)知(zhi)》。通(tong)知(zhi)顯(xian)示,為加強(qiang)檢(jian)(jian)驗檢(jian)(jian)測機(ji)構(gou)監管,營造公平有序的市場環(huan)境(jing),為疫情防控和(he)經濟社會發展提供(gong)技術支(zhi)撐(cheng),市場監管總(zong)局、自然資(zi)源部、生態環(huan)境(jing)部和(he)國(guo)(guo)家藥(yao)監局決定于2020年6月至10月在全(quan)國(guo)(guo)范圍內(nei)組織開(kai)展檢(jian)(jian)驗檢(jian)(jian)測機(ji)構(gou)“雙隨(sui)機(ji)、一公開(kai)”監督抽查。
根據通知(zhi),2020年度國家(jia)級資質(zhi)認定檢(jian)(jian)(jian)驗(yan)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)機(ji)(ji)構(gou)“雙隨(sui)(sui)機(ji)(ji)、一公(gong)開”監(jian)督抽(chou)查將共計檢(jian)(jian)(jian)查300家(jia)機(ji)(ji)構(gou),具體分(fen)(fen)布為(wei)生態(tai)環(huan)境監(jian)測(ce)(ce)領(ling)域35家(jia)、機(ji)(ji)動(dong)車檢(jian)(jian)(jian)驗(yan)領(ling)域10家(jia)、醫療器(qi)械防護(hu)用品(pin)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)驗(yan)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)領(ling)域10家(jia)、海洋調(diao)(diao)查觀測(ce)(ce)監(jian)測(ce)(ce)領(ling)域10家(jia)、食(shi)品(pin)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)驗(yan)領(ling)域60家(jia)、建材檢(jian)(jian)(jian)驗(yan)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)領(ling)域45家(jia),其(qi)他領(ling)域抽(chou)取130家(jia)。其(qi)中生態(tai)環(huan)境監(jian)測(ce)(ce)、機(ji)(ji)動(dong)車檢(jian)(jian)(jian)驗(yan)、醫療器(qi)械防護(hu)用品(pin)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)驗(yan)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)和海洋調(diao)(diao)查觀測(ce)(ce)監(jian)測(ce)(ce)領(ling)域由市場(chang)監(jian)管(guan)(guan)總局聯(lian)合行業主(zhu)管(guan)(guan)部門組織檢(jian)(jian)(jian)查,其(qi)他領(ling)域隨(sui)(sui)機(ji)(ji)抽(chou)取的機(ji)(ji)構(gou),部分(fen)(fen)將交由屬地省(sheng)級市場(chang)監(jian)管(guan)(guan)部門組織檢(jian)(jian)(jian)查。

主要檢(jian)查檢(jian)驗檢(jian)測(ce)機構是否存(cun)在以下問題:
未經檢驗(yan)檢測,直接出具檢驗(yan)檢測數據、結果;
篡改、編造(zao)檢(jian)驗檢(jian)測(ce)數(shu)據、結(jie)果;
超出(chu)資質認定(ding)證書(shu)規定(ding)的檢(jian)驗(yan)檢(jian)測能力(li)范圍,擅自向社(she)會出(chu)具具有證明作用數據、結(jie)果(guo);
檢(jian)驗檢(jian)測(ce)結(jie)果與(yu)原始數據不一致,且(qie)無法溯源;
漏檢(jian)關鍵(jian)項目(mu)、干擾檢(jian)測過(guo)程或者(zhe)改動(dong)關鍵(jian)項目(mu)的檢(jian)測方法,造成(cheng)檢(jian)驗檢(jian)測數據(ju)或者(zhe)結果錯誤(wu);
替換、調換應當被檢(jian)驗檢(jian)測的對象(xiang);
接(jie)受(shou)影響檢驗檢測公(gong)(gong)正(zheng)性的資助或者存在影響檢驗檢測公(gong)(gong)正(zheng)性行為;
未按照規定辦理標準、授權簽字人變(bian)更。
而在進(jin)行省(sheng)級資質認定檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)驗(yan)(yan)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測機(ji)(ji)構“雙隨機(ji)(ji)、一公(gong)開”監(jian)(jian)督抽(chou)查時(shi),市場監(jian)(jian)管(guan)(guan)部門要充(chong)分評(ping)估監(jian)(jian)管(guan)(guan)風險,結合實(shi)際制定年度(du)監(jian)(jian)督抽(chou)查工(gong)作計劃和抽(chou)查比(bi)例,合理確定市、縣(xian)的任務分配。同時(shi),要對生(sheng)態環境監(jian)(jian)測、醫療器械防護用(yong)品檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)驗(yan)(yan)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測、機(ji)(ji)動車檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)驗(yan)(yan)、海(hai)洋調查觀測監(jian)(jian)測、食品檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)驗(yan)(yan)和建(jian)材檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)驗(yan)(yan)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測等領(ling)域實(shi)施重點監(jian)(jian)管(guan)(guan),提高抽(chou)查比(bi)例。
此次(ci)四部(bu)門聯合開(kai)展國家(jia)級資(zi)質認定檢(jian)(jian)驗(yan)檢(jian)(jian)測(ce)機(ji)構“雙隨機(ji)、一公開(kai)”抽查,會(hui)堅持隨機(ji)抽查、公正公開(kai)、問(wen)題導向等(deng)(deng)原則(ze),重(zhong)點打擊“未經檢(jian)(jian)驗(yan)檢(jian)(jian)測(ce),直接(jie)出(chu)(chu)具(ju)檢(jian)(jian)驗(yan)檢(jian)(jian)測(ce)數(shu)據、結(jie)(jie)(jie)果(guo)”,“篡(cuan)改、編造檢(jian)(jian)驗(yan)檢(jian)(jian)測(ce)數(shu)據、結(jie)(jie)(jie)果(guo)”,“檢(jian)(jian)驗(yan)檢(jian)(jian)測(ce)結(jie)(jie)(jie)果(guo)與原始(shi)數(shu)據不(bu)一致,且無法(fa)溯源”,“超出(chu)(chu)資(zi)質認定證書規(gui)定的檢(jian)(jian)驗(yan)檢(jian)(jian)測(ce)能力范圍(wei),擅自向社會(hui)出(chu)(chu)具(ju)具(ju)有證明作用數(shu)據、結(jie)(jie)(jie)果(guo)”等(deng)(deng)嚴重(zhong)違(wei)法(fa)違(wei)規(gui)行為。情節嚴重(zhong)或產生(sheng)重(zhong)大不(bu)良影(ying)響者,還將(jiang)依法(fa)嚴格(ge)查處。
檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)驗(yan)(yan)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測機(ji)(ji)構能有(you)效分(fen)擔政府的檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)驗(yan)(yan)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測任(ren)務(wu),緩解政府的壓力。對檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)驗(yan)(yan)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測機(ji)(ji)構進行抽檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian),能促進我(wo)國檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)驗(yan)(yan)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測機(ji)(ji)構認真(zhen)落實主體責任(ren),扎(zha)實開展(zhan)自(zi)查,深入排查風險(xian)(xian)隱患,系統做好風險(xian)(xian)分(fen)析,并采取針對性(xing)措施(shi)有(you)效預(yu)防、規避和(he)降低風險(xian)(xian),推動我(wo)國檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)驗(yan)(yan)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測機(ji)(ji)構切實發揮監管效能。
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